🇺🇸 United States

Unemployment Calculator

Estimate your state unemployment benefits, compare payouts across 15 major states, and plan your budget on UI income. Covers CA, TX, NY, FL, IL, PA, OH, GA, NC, NJ, VA, MA, WA, CO, and MI with 2026 benefit estimates.

Annual salary splits evenly across quarters. Quarterly is more accurate if income varied.
$
Gross wages before taxes and deductions

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How to Use This Calculator

Benefit Estimate tab

The default tab. Select your state and enter your wages — either as an annual salary or quarterly wages from your last 4 quarters. The calculator estimates your weekly benefit amount (WBA), benefit duration, total payout, and income replacement rate. Each state uses a different formula with different maximums.

State Comparison tab

Enter your annual salary to see how unemployment benefits compare across all 15 major states. The calculator ranks states by total payout, showing weekly benefit amounts, duration, and total benefits side by side. Useful if you're comparing job markets or considering relocation.

Budget on UI tab

Enter your weekly benefit amount and monthly expenses to see how your budget holds up on unemployment income. The calculator shows your monthly shortfall, how long your emergency fund lasts, and suggests expenses to cut. Use Tab 1 first to estimate your weekly benefit, then plug it in here.

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How Unemployment Benefits Are Calculated

Each state uses its own formula, but most follow this general pattern:

Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA) = State Formula(Base Period Wages)

Base Period = Typically the first 4 of the last 5 completed calendar quarters

Total Benefits = WBA × Duration (weeks)

Monthly Income = WBA × 4.33

The base period is usually the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before you filed your claim. States calculate your WBA using the highest quarter wages, average wages, or a combination. Each state caps the WBA at a state-specific maximum.

Important: Unemployment benefits are taxable as ordinary income at the federal level and in most states. You can elect 10% federal tax withholding on Form W-4V. Without withholding, you may owe a lump sum at tax time.

Example

Sarah — Software Developer, laid off in New Jersey

Sarah earned $95,000/year before being laid off. She lives in New Jersey, files Single, and has $12,000 in emergency savings. Her monthly expenses total $3,800.

Benefit Estimate

Annual salary$95,000
Quarterly wages (each)$23,750
Average weekly wage$1,827
NJ formula (60% of AWW)$1,096
NJ maximum$830/week
Weekly benefit (capped)$830/week
Duration26 weeks
Total benefits$21,580

Budget Impact

Monthly UI income (gross)$3,594
After tax (~15%)$3,055
Monthly expenses$3,800
Monthly shortfall$745
Emergency fund$12,000
Fund covers~16 months

Sarah's NJ benefit hits the state max at $830/week. Her emergency fund covers the $745/mo shortfall for over a year, giving her a strong runway to find a new position. If she were in Florida instead, her benefit would be only $275/week for 12 weeks — a total payout of $3,300 vs $21,580 in NJ.

FAQ

File a claim through your state's unemployment agency website, usually the Department of Labor or Workforce Commission. You'll need your Social Security number, work history (employer names, dates, addresses), and reason for separation. Most states allow online filing. Apply as soon as possible — there's typically a one-week waiting period before benefits begin.
Yes. Unemployment benefits are taxable as ordinary income at the federal level and in most states. You'll receive a Form 1099-G showing total benefits paid. You can elect 10% federal tax withholding by filing Form W-4V with your state unemployment office. Without withholding, set aside approximately 15-25% (federal + state) to avoid a tax surprise in April.
Generally, you must have lost your job through no fault of your own (layoff, reduction in force, company closure). You must have earned enough wages during the base period (typically 4-5 quarters), be able and available to work, and actively seek employment. You usually cannot collect UI if you quit voluntarily or were fired for cause, though exceptions exist (constructive discharge, hostile work environment). Independent contractors and gig workers are generally not eligible for standard UI.
Unemployment insurance is a joint federal-state program. While the federal government sets minimum standards, each state designs its own benefit formula, maximum weekly amount, and duration. States like Massachusetts and Washington have generous maximums (over $900/week), while Florida and North Carolina cap benefits at $275-$350/week with shorter durations (12-20 weeks). The variation reflects each state's labor market, cost of living, tax base, and political priorities.
File for unemployment immediately — delays cost you money due to the waiting period. Review your COBRA options for health insurance (18 months of employer coverage, but you pay the full premium) or shop ACA marketplace plans. Cut discretionary spending, contact creditors about hardship programs, and update your budget using the Budget on UI tab. If you have severance, understand how it affects your UI eligibility (some states offset benefits during severance periods). Start job searching actively — most states require weekly job search documentation.

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