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Rent vs Buy Calculator

Is it cheaper to rent or buy over the next 5-30 years? Compare total costs, net wealth, and find the break-even year. Works with any currency.

All amounts displayed in selected currency
Buying
$
Purchase price of the home
%
Percentage of home price as down payment
%
Annual mortgage interest rate
yr
Loan term in years
%
Annual property tax as % of home value
%
Annual maintenance as % of home value
$
Annual homeowner's insurance premium
%
Expected annual home value increase
Renting
$
Current monthly rent payment
%
Expected annual rent increase
$
Annual renter's insurance premium
Analysis
%
Expected annual return on invested savings
yr
How many years to compare (1-40)
Estimates only. Does not include closing costs, selling fees, or tax benefits. Consult a financial adviser for personalised guidance.

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How to Use This Calculator

Tab "Compare"

Enter the home purchase price, down payment, mortgage rate, and other buying costs alongside your monthly rent and renter's insurance. The calculator compares total costs and net wealth over your analysis period. Net wealth for buying is home equity; for renting, it is invested savings (down payment + monthly cost difference compounded at your chosen investment return).

Tab "Year-by-Year"

Uses the same inputs and shows a detailed annual table: each year's buy costs (mortgage, property tax, maintenance, insurance), rent costs (rent + insurance), cumulative totals, home equity, and invested savings. This lets you see exactly when costs cross over and how wealth builds on each side.

Tab "Break-Even"

Finds the break-even year — the first year where buying's net wealth exceeds renting's net wealth. If you plan to stay less than the break-even number of years, renting is financially more efficient. If you stay longer, buying wins.

The Formulas

Monthly mortgage payment (P&I):
M = P × r(1+r)n / ((1+r)n − 1)
where P = loan amount, r = monthly rate (annual rate / 12), n = total months (term × 12)

Annual buy cost:
Buy Cost = (Mortgage Payment × 12) + (Home Value × Property Tax Rate) + (Home Value × Maintenance Rate) + Home Insurance

Annual rent cost:
Rent Cost = (Monthly Rent × 12) + Renter's Insurance
Rent increases each year by the annual rent increase rate.

Home equity:
Equity = Home Value after Appreciation − Remaining Mortgage Balance

Invested savings (renter):
The renter invests the down payment plus any monthly cost difference (buy cost − rent cost) at the specified investment return rate, compounded monthly.

Net wealth:
Net Wealth (Buy) = Home Equity − Total Cumulative Buy Costs
Net Wealth (Rent) = Invested Savings − Total Cumulative Rent Costs

Break-even:
The first year where Net Wealth (Buy) ≥ Net Wealth (Rent).

All calculations are universal and pre-tax. Closing costs, selling fees, PMI, HOA, and tax deductions are not included. Results are estimates.

Worked Examples

Example 1 — $400K home vs $2,000/mo rent

A buyer purchases a $400,000 home with 20% down ($80,000) at 6% over 30 years. A renter pays $2,000/mo with 3% annual increases, investing the down payment and cost difference at 7%.

Home price$400,000
Down payment$80,000 (20%)
Monthly mortgage P&I$1,919
Monthly rent (year 1)$2,000
Analysis period10 years

After 10 years, the buyer has built significant home equity through appreciation and mortgage paydown, while the renter has grown invested savings. The comparison depends on actual appreciation and investment returns.

Example 2 — High-cost city: $800K vs $3,500/mo

In a high-cost market, a buyer puts 20% down ($160,000) on an $800,000 home at 6.5% for 30 years. The renter pays $3,500/mo with 3% annual increases.

Home price$800,000
Down payment$160,000 (20%)
Monthly mortgage P&I$4,046
Monthly rent (year 1)$3,500
Analysis period10 years

In high-cost markets, the larger down payment opportunity cost and higher mortgage payments often push the break-even point further out, making renting financially competitive for longer periods.

Example 3 — Low rates: $350K vs $1,800/mo

With a lower mortgage rate of 4%, a $350,000 home with 20% down ($70,000) becomes more affordable. Monthly rent is $1,800 with 3% annual increases.

Home price$350,000
Down payment$70,000 (20%)
Monthly mortgage P&I$1,337
Monthly rent (year 1)$1,800
Analysis period10 years

Lower mortgage rates significantly reduce monthly payments and tilt the comparison toward buying. The buyer's mortgage payment ($1,337) is well below the renter's payment ($1,800), and the difference grows as rent increases annually.

Understanding Rent vs Buy

Why the Decision Is Not Just About Monthly Payment

Comparing monthly mortgage to monthly rent misses most of the picture. Buying involves property taxes, maintenance, insurance, and the opportunity cost of tying up a large down payment. Renting frees up capital for investment. The real question is: which option builds more wealth over your timeframe?

Key Factors That Favour Buying

Long time horizon: The longer you stay, the more equity you build and the more rent increases you avoid. Low mortgage rates: Lower rates mean more of each payment goes to principal. Strong appreciation: Markets with steady price growth reward homeowners. Inflation hedge: A fixed-rate mortgage payment stays constant while rent rises.

Key Factors That Favour Renting

Short time horizon: Transaction costs (closing costs, selling fees) make buying expensive for short stays. High home prices relative to rent: When prices are high but rents are moderate, the math favours renting. Strong investment returns: If the stock market outperforms real estate, investing the down payment elsewhere wins. Flexibility: Renting allows easy relocation without selling costs.

What This Calculator Does Not Include

For simplicity, this universal calculator omits closing costs (typically 2–5% of purchase price), selling costs (5–6% in agent commissions), PMI (if down payment is below 20%), HOA fees, mortgage tax deductions, and capital gains exclusions. These factors vary significantly by country. For country-specific versions that include these, use the country links below the calculator.

Frequently Asked Questions

Not always, but usually. Over 10+ years, buyers benefit from equity buildup, home appreciation, and a fixed mortgage payment while rents keep rising. However, in markets with very high price-to-rent ratios (e.g., San Francisco, London) or during periods of low appreciation and high investment returns, renting and investing can still win over long periods. Always run the numbers for your specific situation.
The default of 7% represents the historical average annual return of a diversified stock portfolio (S&P 500 averages about 10% nominally, 7% after inflation). If you prefer a conservative estimate, use 5–6%. If you would keep the money in a savings account, use 3–5%. The higher the assumed return, the more favourable renting becomes.
Because it represents the opportunity cost of buying. When you buy, you hand over $80,000 (or whatever the down payment is) that could otherwise be invested. A fair comparison assumes the renter invests that same amount. Without this, the comparison would ignore the largest upfront cost of buying and unfairly tilt results toward homeownership.
No. Investment returns are shown pre-tax. In practice, capital gains taxes would reduce the renter's investment returns when selling. Similarly, home sale profits may be partially or fully tax-exempt (e.g., the US $250K/$500K exclusion). Since tax treatment varies by country, this universal calculator omits taxes entirely. Use the country-specific version for tax-adjusted results.
The default 3% roughly matches historical US home price appreciation (Case-Shiller index averages about 3–4% nominally). Some markets appreciate faster (5–8%), others slower or even decline. Use your local market's historical average for the most realistic result. Be cautious of recent outlier years — long-term averages are more reliable for projections.

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