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Closing Cost Calculator

Estimate buyer closing costs, calculate seller net proceeds, or figure out total cash needed to close. Override each line item for your situation. Works with any currency.

All amounts displayed in selected currency
$
Total purchase price of the property
$
Lender fee, typically 0.5-1% of loan amount
$
Buyer's title insurance, typically 0.5-1% of price
$
Home appraisal, typically $300-$600
$
Property inspection, typically $300-$500
$
Escrow or settlement fee, typically $500-$2,000
$
Government recording fees, typically $100-$500
$
Prepaid property taxes and homeowner's insurance
Estimates only. No taxes applied. Consult a real estate professional for personalised guidance.

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How to Use This Calculator

Tab "Buyer Costs"

Enter the home purchase price and review each closing cost line item. Default values represent typical ranges, but you can override any amount to match quotes from your lender or title company. The result shows total buyer closing costs and the percentage of the home price.

Tab "Seller Costs"

Enter the sale price, agent commission percentage, and outstanding mortgage balance. Add seller-side costs like title insurance, transfer tax, and other fees. The result shows your estimated net proceeds after all costs and mortgage payoff.

Tab "Total Cash Needed"

Enter the home price, down payment percentage, estimated closing costs (use the Buyer Costs tab to calculate), reserve months, and estimated monthly payment. The result shows the total cash you need to bring to closing day.

The Formulas

Buyer closing costs:
Total = Origination Fee + Title Insurance + Appraisal + Inspection + Escrow + Recording Fees + Prepaids
Typically 2–5% of the purchase price

Seller net proceeds:
Net Proceeds = Sale Price − Commission − Title Insurance (seller) − Transfer Tax − Other Costs − Mortgage Payoff

Total cash needed:
Total Cash = Down Payment + Buyer Closing Costs + Reserves
Down Payment = Home Price × Down Payment %
Reserves = Monthly Payment × Reserve Months

All calculations are universal and pre-tax. No country-specific transfer taxes, stamp duties, or recording fee schedules are applied. Results are estimates.

Worked Examples

Example 1 — Buyer closing costs on a $350,000 home

A first-time buyer purchasing a $350,000 home gets these estimates from their lender and title company.

Home price$350,000
Origination fee (0.75%)$2,625
Title insurance$2,450
Appraisal$450
Home inspection$400
Escrow / settlement$1,100
Recording fees$225
Prepaids (tax + insurance)$3,000
Total buyer closing costs$10,250 (2.9% of price)

At 2.9% of the purchase price, these closing costs fall within the typical 2–5% range. The buyer should budget at least $10,250 in addition to their down payment.

Example 2 — Seller net proceeds on a $400,000 sale

A homeowner sells for $400,000 with a remaining mortgage of $250,000 and typical seller costs.

Sale price$400,000
Agent commission (5.5%)$22,000
Title insurance (seller)$1,500
Transfer tax$2,000
Other seller costs$1,500
Total seller costs$27,000
Mortgage payoff$250,000
Net proceeds$400,000 − $27,000 − $250,000 = $123,000

The seller walks away with $123,000 after all costs and mortgage payoff. The agent commission alone accounts for $22,000 — the largest single seller expense.

Example 3 — Total cash needed for a $400,000 home with 20% down

A buyer wants to know the total cash needed to close on a $400,000 home with a 20% down payment.

Home price$400,000
Down payment (20%)$80,000
Estimated closing costs$11,600
Reserves (2 months × $2,500)$5,000
Total cash needed$80,000 + $11,600 + $5,000 = $96,600

Your $400K home needs about $97K in total cash. The down payment is the largest component at $80,000, but closing costs and reserves add another $16,600 that many buyers underestimate.

Understanding Closing Costs

What Are Closing Costs?

Closing costs are fees and expenses beyond the property price that buyers and sellers pay when a real estate transaction is finalised. They cover services like title searches, appraisals, inspections, lender fees, government recording, and prepaid expenses. Both sides of the transaction have closing costs, though the specific items differ.

Buyer Closing Costs Breakdown

Origination fee (0.5–1% of loan): the lender's fee for processing your mortgage. Title insurance (0.5–1% of price): protects against title defects. Appraisal ($300–$600): required by the lender to confirm property value. Inspection ($300–$500): optional but strongly recommended. Escrow ($500–$2,000): the settlement agent's fee. Recording fees ($100–$500): government charges to record the deed. Prepaids: several months of property tax and insurance held in escrow.

Seller Closing Costs

The largest seller cost is the real estate agent commission, typically 5–6% of the sale price split between buyer's and seller's agents. Sellers also pay transfer taxes (varies by jurisdiction), their portion of title insurance, and miscellaneous costs like attorney fees, HOA transfer fees, or repair credits negotiated with the buyer.

Reserves and Cash-to-Close

Lenders often require reserves — 2 to 6 months of mortgage payments sitting in your bank account after closing. This proves you can handle payments even if income is disrupted. Reserves are not paid at closing but must be verified. Your total cash-to-close includes the down payment, closing costs, and enough left over to satisfy the reserve requirement.

Frequently Asked Questions

Buyer closing costs typically range from 2% to 5% of the purchase price. On a $400,000 home, that means $8,000 to $20,000. The main components are origination fees, title insurance, appraisal, inspection, escrow, recording fees, and prepaid taxes and insurance. Exact amounts depend on your lender, location, and property type.
Both pay closing costs, but different ones. Buyers pay lender-related fees, title insurance, inspections, and prepaids. Sellers pay agent commissions (the largest cost), transfer taxes, and their title insurance portion. In some markets, buyers can negotiate for sellers to cover part of buyer closing costs as a concession.
Yes. Shop around for lender fees and title insurance — quotes can vary significantly. Ask the seller for closing cost concessions. Some lenders offer no-closing-cost mortgages (costs are rolled into a higher interest rate). Compare the Loan Estimate documents from multiple lenders to find the best deal.
Reserves are liquid assets (savings, investments) that you must have after closing. Lenders require 2 to 6 months of mortgage payments in reserves to ensure you can handle payments if your income is temporarily disrupted. Reserves are not paid at closing — they just need to be in your accounts and verified.
No. This is a universal closing cost calculator that works with any currency. Transfer taxes, recording fees, and commission structures vary by country and jurisdiction. Use the country links below the calculator for country-specific versions.

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